Module java.desktop
Package java.awt

Class Color

java.lang.Object
java.awt.Color
All Implemented Interfaces:
Paint, Transparency, Serializable
Direct Known Subclasses:
ColorUIResource, SystemColor
public class Color
extends Object
implements Paint, Serializable
The Color class is used to encapsulate colors in the default sRGB color space or colors in arbitrary color spaces identified by a ColorSpace. Every color has an implicit alpha value of 1.0 or an explicit one provided in the constructor. The alpha value defines the transparency of a color and can be represented by a float value in the range 0.0 - 1.0 or 0 - 255. An alpha value of 1.0 or 255 means that the color is completely opaque and an alpha value of 0 or 0.0 means that the color is completely transparent. When constructing a Color with an explicit alpha or getting the color/alpha components of a Color, the color components are never premultiplied by the alpha component.

The default color space for the Java 2D(tm) API is sRGB, a proposed standard RGB color space. For further information on sRGB, see http://www.w3.org/pub/WWW/Graphics/Color/sRGB.html .

See Also:
ColorSpace, AlphaComposite, Serialized Form

  • Field Summary

    Fields 
    Modifier and Type Field Description
    static Color black
    The color black.
    static Color BLACK
    The color black.
    static Color blue
    The color blue.
    static Color BLUE
    The color blue.
    static Color cyan
    The color cyan.
    static Color CYAN
    The color cyan.
    static Color DARK_GRAY
    The color dark gray.
    static Color darkGray
    The color dark gray.
    static Color gray
    The color gray.
    static Color GRAY
    The color gray.
    static Color green
    The color green.
    static Color GREEN
    The color green.
    static Color LIGHT_GRAY
    The color light gray.
    static Color lightGray
    The color light gray.
    static Color magenta
    The color magenta.
    static Color MAGENTA
    The color magenta.
    static Color orange
    The color orange.
    static Color ORANGE
    The color orange.
    static Color pink
    The color pink.
    static Color PINK
    The color pink.
    static Color red
    The color red.
    static Color RED
    The color red.
    static Color white
    The color white.
    static Color WHITE
    The color white.
    static Color yellow
    The color yellow.
    static Color YELLOW
    The color yellow.

    Fields declared in interface java.awt.Transparency

    BITMASK, OPAQUE, TRANSLUCENT

  • Constructor Summary

    Constructors 
    Constructor Description
    Color​(float r, float g, float b)
    Creates an opaque sRGB color with the specified red, green, and blue values in the range (0.0 - 1.0).
    Color​(float r, float g, float b, float a)
    Creates an sRGB color with the specified red, green, blue, and alpha values in the range (0.0 - 1.0).
    Color​(int rgb)
    Creates an opaque sRGB color with the specified combined RGB value consisting of the red component in bits 16-23, the green component in bits 8-15, and the blue component in bits 0-7.
    Color​(int rgba, boolean hasalpha)
    Creates an sRGB color with the specified combined RGBA value consisting of the alpha component in bits 24-31, the red component in bits 16-23, the green component in bits 8-15, and the blue component in bits 0-7.
    Color​(int r, int g, int b)
    Creates an opaque sRGB color with the specified red, green, and blue values in the range (0 - 255).
    Color​(int r, int g, int b, int a)
    Creates an sRGB color with the specified red, green, blue, and alpha values in the range (0 - 255).
    Color​(ColorSpace cspace, float[] components, float alpha)
    Creates a color in the specified ColorSpace with the color components specified in the float array and the specified alpha.

  • Method Summary

    Modifier and Type Method Description
    Color brighter()
    Creates a new Color that is a brighter version of this Color.
    PaintContext createContext​(ColorModel cm, Rectangle r, Rectangle2D r2d, AffineTransform xform, RenderingHints hints)
    Creates and returns a PaintContext used to generate a solid color field pattern.
    Color darker()
    Creates a new Color that is a darker version of this Color.
    static Color decode​(String nm)
    Converts a String to an integer and returns the specified opaque Color.
    boolean equals​(Object obj)
    Determines whether another object is equal to this Color.
    int getAlpha()
    Returns the alpha component in the range 0-255.
    int getBlue()
    Returns the blue component in the range 0-255 in the default sRGB space.
    static Color getColor​(String nm)
    Finds a color in the system properties.
    static Color getColor​(String nm, int v)
    Finds a color in the system properties.
    static Color getColor​(String nm, Color v)
    Finds a color in the system properties.
    float[] getColorComponents​(float[] compArray)
    Returns a float array containing only the color components of the Color, in the ColorSpace of the Color.
    float[] getColorComponents​(ColorSpace cspace, float[] compArray)
    Returns a float array containing only the color components of the Color in the ColorSpace specified by the cspace parameter.
    ColorSpace getColorSpace()
    Returns the ColorSpace of this Color.
    float[] getComponents​(float[] compArray)
    Returns a float array containing the color and alpha components of the Color, in the ColorSpace of the Color.
    float[] getComponents​(ColorSpace cspace, float[] compArray)
    Returns a float array containing the color and alpha components of the Color, in the ColorSpace specified by the cspace parameter.
    int getGreen()
    Returns the green component in the range 0-255 in the default sRGB space.
    static Color getHSBColor​(float h, float s, float b)
    Creates a Color object based on the specified values for the HSB color model.
    int getRed()
    Returns the red component in the range 0-255 in the default sRGB space.
    int getRGB()
    Returns the RGB value representing the color in the default sRGB ColorModel.
    float[] getRGBColorComponents​(float[] compArray)
    Returns a float array containing only the color components of the Color, in the default sRGB color space.
    float[] getRGBComponents​(float[] compArray)
    Returns a float array containing the color and alpha components of the Color, as represented in the default sRGB color space.
    int getTransparency()
    Returns the transparency mode for this Color.
    int hashCode()
    Computes the hash code for this Color.
    static int HSBtoRGB​(float hue, float saturation, float brightness)
    Converts the components of a color, as specified by the HSB model, to an equivalent set of values for the default RGB model.
    static float[] RGBtoHSB​(int r, int g, int b, float[] hsbvals)
    Converts the components of a color, as specified by the default RGB model, to an equivalent set of values for hue, saturation, and brightness that are the three components of the HSB model.
    String toString()
    Returns a string representation of this Color.

    Methods declared in class java.lang.Object

    clone, finalize, getClass, notify, notifyAll, wait, wait, wait

  • Field Details

    • white

      public static final Color white
      The color white. In the default sRGB space.

    • WHITE

      public static final Color WHITE
      The color white. In the default sRGB space.
      Since:
      1.4

    • lightGray

      public static final Color lightGray
      The color light gray. In the default sRGB space.

    • LIGHT_GRAY

      public static final Color LIGHT_GRAY
      The color light gray. In the default sRGB space.
      Since:
      1.4

    • gray

      public static final Color gray
      The color gray. In the default sRGB space.

    • GRAY

      public static final Color GRAY
      The color gray. In the default sRGB space.
      Since:
      1.4

    • darkGray

      public static final Color darkGray
      The color dark gray. In the default sRGB space.

    • DARK_GRAY

      public static final Color DARK_GRAY
      The color dark gray. In the default sRGB space.
      Since:
      1.4

    • black

      public static final Color black
      The color black. In the default sRGB space.

    • BLACK

      public static final Color BLACK
      The color black. In the default sRGB space.
      Since:
      1.4

    • red

      public static final Color red
      The color red. In the default sRGB space.

    • RED

      public static final Color RED
      The color red. In the default sRGB space.
      Since:
      1.4

    • pink

      public static final Color pink
      The color pink. In the default sRGB space.

    • PINK

      public static final Color PINK
      The color pink. In the default sRGB space.
      Since:
      1.4

    • orange

      public static final Color orange
      The color orange. In the default sRGB space.

    • ORANGE

      public static final Color ORANGE
      The color orange. In the default sRGB space.
      Since:
      1.4

    • yellow

      public static final Color yellow
      The color yellow. In the default sRGB space.

    • YELLOW

      public static final Color YELLOW
      The color yellow. In the default sRGB space.
      Since:
      1.4

    • green

      public static final Color green
      The color green. In the default sRGB space.

    • GREEN

      public static final Color GREEN
      The color green. In the default sRGB space.
      Since:
      1.4

    • magenta

      public static final Color magenta
      The color magenta. In the default sRGB space.

    • MAGENTA

      public static final Color MAGENTA
      The color magenta. In the default sRGB space.
      Since:
      1.4

    • cyan

      public static final Color cyan
      The color cyan. In the default sRGB space.

    • CYAN

      public static final Color CYAN
      The color cyan. In the default sRGB space.
      Since:
      1.4

    • blue

      public static final Color blue
      The color blue. In the default sRGB space.

    • BLUE

      public static final Color BLUE
      The color blue. In the default sRGB space.
      Since:
      1.4

  • Constructor Details

    • Color

      public Color​(int r, int g, int b)
      Creates an opaque sRGB color with the specified red, green, and blue values in the range (0 - 255). The actual color used in rendering depends on finding the best match given the color space available for a given output device. Alpha is defaulted to 255.
      Parameters:
      r - the red component
      g - the green component
      b - the blue component
      Throws:
      IllegalArgumentException - if r, g or b are outside of the range 0 to 255, inclusive
      See Also:
      getRed(), getGreen(), getBlue(), getRGB()

    • Color

      @ConstructorProperties({"red","green","blue","alpha"}) public Color​(int r, int g, int b, int a)
      Creates an sRGB color with the specified red, green, blue, and alpha values in the range (0 - 255).
      Parameters:
      r - the red component
      g - the green component
      b - the blue component
      a - the alpha component
      Throws:
      IllegalArgumentException - if r, g, b or a are outside of the range 0 to 255, inclusive
      See Also:
      getRed(), getGreen(), getBlue(), getAlpha(), getRGB()

    • Color

      public Color​(int rgb)
      Creates an opaque sRGB color with the specified combined RGB value consisting of the red component in bits 16-23, the green component in bits 8-15, and the blue component in bits 0-7. The actual color used in rendering depends on finding the best match given the color space available for a particular output device. Alpha is defaulted to 255.
      Parameters:
      rgb - the combined RGB components
      See Also:
      ColorModel.getRGBdefault(), getRed(), getGreen(), getBlue(), getRGB()

    • Color

      public Color​(int rgba, boolean hasalpha)
      Creates an sRGB color with the specified combined RGBA value consisting of the alpha component in bits 24-31, the red component in bits 16-23, the green component in bits 8-15, and the blue component in bits 0-7. If the hasalpha argument is false, alpha is defaulted to 255.
      Parameters:
      rgba - the combined RGBA components
      hasalpha - true if the alpha bits are valid; false otherwise
      See Also:
      ColorModel.getRGBdefault(), getRed(), getGreen(), getBlue(), getAlpha(), getRGB()

    • Color

      public Color​(float r, float g, float b)
      Creates an opaque sRGB color with the specified red, green, and blue values in the range (0.0 - 1.0). Alpha is defaulted to 1.0. The actual color used in rendering depends on finding the best match given the color space available for a particular output device.
      Parameters:
      r - the red component
      g - the green component
      b - the blue component
      Throws:
      IllegalArgumentException - if r, g or b are outside of the range 0.0 to 1.0, inclusive
      See Also:
      getRed(), getGreen(), getBlue(), getRGB()

    • Color

      public Color​(float r, float g, float b, float a)
      Creates an sRGB color with the specified red, green, blue, and alpha values in the range (0.0 - 1.0). The actual color used in rendering depends on finding the best match given the color space available for a particular output device.
      Parameters:
      r - the red component
      g - the green component
      b - the blue component
      a - the alpha component
      Throws:
      IllegalArgumentException - if r, g b or a are outside of the range 0.0 to 1.0, inclusive
      See Also:
      getRed(), getGreen(), getBlue(), getAlpha(), getRGB()

    • Color

      public Color​(ColorSpace cspace, float[] components, float alpha)
      Creates a color in the specified ColorSpace with the color components specified in the float array and the specified alpha. The number of components is determined by the type of the ColorSpace. For example, RGB requires 3 components, but CMYK requires 4 components.
      Parameters:
      cspace - the ColorSpace to be used to interpret the components
      components - an arbitrary number of color components that is compatible with the ColorSpace
      alpha - alpha value
      Throws:
      IllegalArgumentException - if any of the values in the components array or alpha is outside of the range 0.0 to 1.0
      See Also:
      getComponents(float[]), getColorComponents(float[])

  • Method Details

    • getRed

      public int getRed()
      Returns the red component in the range 0-255 in the default sRGB space.
      Returns:
      the red component.
      See Also:
      getRGB()

    • getGreen

      public int getGreen()
      Returns the green component in the range 0-255 in the default sRGB space.
      Returns:
      the green component.
      See Also:
      getRGB()

    • getBlue

      public int getBlue()
      Returns the blue component in the range 0-255 in the default sRGB space.
      Returns:
      the blue component.
      See Also:
      getRGB()

    • getAlpha

      public int getAlpha()
      Returns the alpha component in the range 0-255.
      Returns:
      the alpha component.
      See Also:
      getRGB()

    • getRGB

      public int getRGB()
      Returns the RGB value representing the color in the default sRGB ColorModel. (Bits 24-31 are alpha, 16-23 are red, 8-15 are green, 0-7 are blue).
      Returns:
      the RGB value of the color in the default sRGB ColorModel.
      Since:
      1.0
      See Also:
      ColorModel.getRGBdefault(), getRed(), getGreen(), getBlue()

    • brighter

      public Color brighter()
      Creates a new Color that is a brighter version of this Color.

      This method applies an arbitrary scale factor to each of the three RGB components of this Color to create a brighter version of this Color. The alpha value is preserved. Although brighter and darker are inverse operations, the results of a series of invocations of these two methods might be inconsistent because of rounding errors.

      Returns:
      a new Color object that is a brighter version of this Color with the same alpha value.
      Since:
      1.0
      See Also:
      darker()

    • darker

      public Color darker()
      Creates a new Color that is a darker version of this Color.

      This method applies an arbitrary scale factor to each of the three RGB components of this Color to create a darker version of this Color. The alpha value is preserved. Although brighter and darker are inverse operations, the results of a series of invocations of these two methods might be inconsistent because of rounding errors.

      Returns:
      a new Color object that is a darker version of this Color with the same alpha value.
      Since:
      1.0
      See Also:
      brighter()

    • hashCode

      public int hashCode()
      Computes the hash code for this Color.
      Overrides:
      hashCode in class Object
      Returns:
      a hash code value for this object.
      Since:
      1.0
      See Also:
      Object.equals(java.lang.Object), System.identityHashCode(java.lang.Object)

    • equals

      public boolean equals​(Object obj)
      Determines whether another object is equal to this Color.

      The result is true if and only if the argument is not null and is a Color object that has the same red, green, blue, and alpha values as this object.

      Overrides:
      equals in class Object
      Parameters:
      obj - the object to test for equality with this Color
      Returns:
      true if the objects are the same; false otherwise.
      Since:
      1.0
      See Also:
      Object.hashCode(), HashMap

    • toString

      public String toString()
      Returns a string representation of this Color. This method is intended to be used only for debugging purposes. The content and format of the returned string might vary between implementations. The returned string might be empty but cannot be null.
      Overrides:
      toString in class Object
      Returns:
      a string representation of this Color.

    • decode

      public static Color decode​(String nm) throws NumberFormatException
      Converts a String to an integer and returns the specified opaque Color. This method handles string formats that are used to represent octal and hexadecimal numbers.
      Parameters:
      nm - a String that represents an opaque color as a 24-bit integer
      Returns:
      the new Color object.
      Throws:
      NumberFormatException - if the specified string cannot be interpreted as a decimal, octal, or hexadecimal integer.
      Since:
      1.1
      See Also:
      Integer.decode(java.lang.String)

    • getColor

      public static Color getColor​(String nm)
      Finds a color in the system properties.

      The argument is treated as the name of a system property to be obtained. The string value of this property is then interpreted as an integer which is then converted to a Color object.

      If the specified property is not found or could not be parsed as an integer then null is returned.

      Parameters:
      nm - the name of the color property
      Returns:
      the Color converted from the system property.
      Since:
      1.0
      See Also:
      System.getProperty(java.lang.String), Integer.getInteger(java.lang.String), Color(int)

    • getColor

      public static Color getColor​(String nm, Color v)
      Finds a color in the system properties.

      The first argument is treated as the name of a system property to be obtained. The string value of this property is then interpreted as an integer which is then converted to a Color object.

      If the specified property is not found or cannot be parsed as an integer then the Color specified by the second argument is returned instead.

      Parameters:
      nm - the name of the color property
      v - the default Color
      Returns:
      the Color converted from the system property, or the specified Color.
      Since:
      1.0
      See Also:
      System.getProperty(java.lang.String), Integer.getInteger(java.lang.String), Color(int)

    • getColor

      public static Color getColor​(String nm, int v)
      Finds a color in the system properties.

      The first argument is treated as the name of a system property to be obtained. The string value of this property is then interpreted as an integer which is then converted to a Color object.

      If the specified property is not found or could not be parsed as an integer then the integer value v is used instead, and is converted to a Color object.

      Parameters:
      nm - the name of the color property
      v - the default color value, as an integer
      Returns:
      the Color converted from the system property or the Color converted from the specified integer.
      Since:
      1.0
      See Also:
      System.getProperty(java.lang.String), Integer.getInteger(java.lang.String), Color(int)

    • HSBtoRGB

      public static int HSBtoRGB​(float hue, float saturation, float brightness)
      Converts the components of a color, as specified by the HSB model, to an equivalent set of values for the default RGB model.

      The saturation and brightness components should be floating-point values between zero and one (numbers in the range 0.0-1.0). The hue component can be any floating-point number. The floor of this number is subtracted from it to create a fraction between 0 and 1. This fractional number is then multiplied by 360 to produce the hue angle in the HSB color model.

      The integer that is returned by HSBtoRGB encodes the value of a color in bits 0-23 of an integer value that is the same format used by the method getRGB. This integer can be supplied as an argument to the Color constructor that takes a single integer argument.

      Parameters:
      hue - the hue component of the color
      saturation - the saturation of the color
      brightness - the brightness of the color
      Returns:
      the RGB value of the color with the indicated hue, saturation, and brightness.
      Since:
      1.0
      See Also:
      getRGB(), Color(int), ColorModel.getRGBdefault()

    • RGBtoHSB

      public static float[] RGBtoHSB​(int r, int g, int b, float[] hsbvals)
      Converts the components of a color, as specified by the default RGB model, to an equivalent set of values for hue, saturation, and brightness that are the three components of the HSB model.

      If the hsbvals argument is null, then a new array is allocated to return the result. Otherwise, the method returns the array hsbvals, with the values put into that array.

      Parameters:
      r - the red component of the color
      g - the green component of the color
      b - the blue component of the color
      hsbvals - the array used to return the three HSB values, or null
      Returns:
      an array of three elements containing the hue, saturation, and brightness (in that order), of the color with the indicated red, green, and blue components.
      Since:
      1.0
      See Also:
      getRGB(), Color(int), ColorModel.getRGBdefault()

    • getHSBColor

      public static Color getHSBColor​(float h, float s, float b)
      Creates a Color object based on the specified values for the HSB color model.

      The s and b components should be floating-point values between zero and one (numbers in the range 0.0-1.0). The h component can be any floating-point number. The floor of this number is subtracted from it to create a fraction between 0 and 1. This fractional number is then multiplied by 360 to produce the hue angle in the HSB color model.

      Parameters:
      h - the hue component
      s - the saturation of the color
      b - the brightness of the color
      Returns:
      a Color object with the specified hue, saturation, and brightness.
      Since:
      1.0

    • getRGBComponents

      public float[] getRGBComponents​(float[] compArray)
      Returns a float array containing the color and alpha components of the Color, as represented in the default sRGB color space. If compArray is null, an array of length 4 is created for the return value. Otherwise, compArray must have length 4 or greater, and it is filled in with the components and returned.
      Parameters:
      compArray - an array that this method fills with color and alpha components and returns
      Returns:
      the RGBA components in a float array.

    • getRGBColorComponents

      public float[] getRGBColorComponents​(float[] compArray)
      Returns a float array containing only the color components of the Color, in the default sRGB color space. If compArray is null, an array of length 3 is created for the return value. Otherwise, compArray must have length 3 or greater, and it is filled in with the components and returned.
      Parameters:
      compArray - an array that this method fills with color components and returns
      Returns:
      the RGB components in a float array.

    • getComponents

      public float[] getComponents​(float[] compArray)
      Returns a float array containing the color and alpha components of the Color, in the ColorSpace of the Color. If compArray is null, an array with length equal to the number of components in the associated ColorSpace plus one is created for the return value. Otherwise, compArray must have at least this length and it is filled in with the components and returned.
      Parameters:
      compArray - an array that this method fills with the color and alpha components of this Color in its ColorSpace and returns
      Returns:
      the color and alpha components in a float array.

    • getColorComponents

      public float[] getColorComponents​(float[] compArray)
      Returns a float array containing only the color components of the Color, in the ColorSpace of the Color. If compArray is null, an array with length equal to the number of components in the associated ColorSpace is created for the return value. Otherwise, compArray must have at least this length and it is filled in with the components and returned.
      Parameters:
      compArray - an array that this method fills with the color components of this Color in its ColorSpace and returns
      Returns:
      the color components in a float array.

    • getComponents

      public float[] getComponents​(ColorSpace cspace, float[] compArray)
      Returns a float array containing the color and alpha components of the Color, in the ColorSpace specified by the cspace parameter. If compArray is null, an array with length equal to the number of components in cspace plus one is created for the return value. Otherwise, compArray must have at least this length, and it is filled in with the components and returned.
      Parameters:
      cspace - a specified ColorSpace
      compArray - an array that this method fills with the color and alpha components of this Color in the specified ColorSpace and returns
      Returns:
      the color and alpha components in a float array.

    • getColorComponents

      public float[] getColorComponents​(ColorSpace cspace, float[] compArray)
      Returns a float array containing only the color components of the Color in the ColorSpace specified by the cspace parameter. If compArray is null, an array with length equal to the number of components in cspace is created for the return value. Otherwise, compArray must have at least this length, and it is filled in with the components and returned.
      Parameters:
      cspace - a specified ColorSpace
      compArray - an array that this method fills with the color components of this Color in the specified ColorSpace
      Returns:
      the color components in a float array.

    • getColorSpace

      public ColorSpace getColorSpace()
      Returns the ColorSpace of this Color.
      Returns:
      this Color object's ColorSpace.

    • createContext

      public PaintContext createContext​(ColorModel cm, Rectangle r, Rectangle2D r2d, AffineTransform xform, RenderingHints hints)
      Creates and returns a PaintContext used to generate a solid color field pattern. See the specification of the method in the Paint interface for information on null parameter handling.
      Specified by:
      createContext in interface Paint
      Parameters:
      cm - the preferred ColorModel which represents the most convenient format for the caller to receive the pixel data, or null if there is no preference.
      r - the device space bounding box of the graphics primitive being rendered.
      r2d - the user space bounding box of the graphics primitive being rendered.
      xform - the AffineTransform from user space into device space.
      hints - the set of hints that the context object can use to choose between rendering alternatives.
      Returns:
      the PaintContext for generating color patterns.
      See Also:
      Paint, PaintContext, ColorModel, Rectangle, Rectangle2D, AffineTransform, RenderingHints

    • getTransparency

      public int getTransparency()
      Returns the transparency mode for this Color. This is required to implement the Paint interface.
      Specified by:
      getTransparency in interface Transparency
      Returns:
      this Color object's transparency mode.
      See Also:
      Paint, Transparency, createContext(java.awt.image.ColorModel, java.awt.Rectangle, java.awt.geom.Rectangle2D, java.awt.geom.AffineTransform, java.awt.RenderingHints)