java.time.chrono (Java SE 14 & JDK 14)

Generic API for calendar systems other than the default ISO.

The main API is based around the calendar system defined in ISO-8601. However, there are other calendar systems, and this package provides basic support for them. The alternate calendars are provided in the java.time.chrono package.

A calendar system is defined by the Chronology interface, while a date in a calendar system is defined by the ChronoLocalDate interface.

It is intended that applications use the main API whenever possible, including code to read and write from a persistent data store, such as a database, and to send dates and times across a network. The "chrono" classes are then used at the user interface level to deal with localized input/output. See ChronoLocalDate for a full discussion of the issues.

Using non-ISO calendar systems in an application introduces significant extra complexity. Ensure that the warnings and recommendations in ChronoLocalDate have been read before working with the "chrono" interfaces.

The supported calendar systems includes:

Example

This example lists todays date for all of the available calendars.

   // Enumerate the list of available calendars and print todays date for each.
       Set<Chronology> chronos = Chronology.getAvailableChronologies();
       for (Chronology chrono : chronos) {
           ChronoLocalDate date = chrono.dateNow();
           System.out.printf("   %20s: %s%n", chrono.getId(), date.toString());
       }

This example creates and uses a date in a named non-ISO calendar system.

   // Print the Thai Buddhist date
       ChronoLocalDate now1 = Chronology.of("ThaiBuddhist").dateNow();
       int day = now1.get(ChronoField.DAY_OF_MONTH);
       int dow = now1.get(ChronoField.DAY_OF_WEEK);
       int month = now1.get(ChronoField.MONTH_OF_YEAR);
       int year = now1.get(ChronoField.YEAR);
       System.out.printf("  Today is %s %s %d-%s-%d%n", now1.getChronology().getId(),
                 dow, day, month, year);
   // Print today's date and the last day of the year for the Thai Buddhist Calendar.
       ChronoLocalDate first = now1
                 .with(ChronoField.DAY_OF_MONTH, 1)
                 .with(ChronoField.MONTH_OF_YEAR, 1);
       ChronoLocalDate last = first
                 .plus(1, ChronoUnit.YEARS)
                 .minus(1, ChronoUnit.DAYS);
       System.out.printf("  %s: 1st of year: %s; end of year: %s%n", last.getChronology().getId(),
                 first, last);

This example creates and uses a date in a specific ThaiBuddhist calendar system.

   // Print the Thai Buddhist date
       ThaiBuddhistDate now1 = ThaiBuddhistDate.now();
       int day = now1.get(ChronoField.DAY_OF_MONTH);
       int dow = now1.get(ChronoField.DAY_OF_WEEK);
       int month = now1.get(ChronoField.MONTH_OF_YEAR);
       int year = now1.get(ChronoField.YEAR);
       System.out.printf("  Today is %s %s %d-%s-%d%n", now1.getChronology().getId(),
                 dow, day, month, year);

   // Print today's date and the last day of the year for the Thai Buddhist Calendar.
       ThaiBuddhistDate first = now1
                 .with(ChronoField.DAY_OF_MONTH, 1)
                 .with(ChronoField.MONTH_OF_YEAR, 1);
       ThaiBuddhistDate last = first
                 .plus(1, ChronoUnit.YEARS)
                 .minus(1, ChronoUnit.DAYS);
       System.out.printf("  %s: 1st of year: %s; end of year: %s%n", last.getChronology().getId(),
                 first, last);

Package specification

Unless otherwise noted, passing a null argument to a constructor or method in any class or interface in this package will cause a NullPointerException to be thrown. The Javadoc "@param" definition is used to summarise the null-behavior. The "@throws NullPointerException" is not explicitly documented in each method.

All calculations should check for numeric overflow and throw either an ArithmeticException or a DateTimeException.

Since:: 1.8

Interface Summary
Interface	Description
ChronoLocalDate	A date without time-of-day or time-zone in an arbitrary chronology, intended for advanced globalization use cases.
ChronoLocalDateTime<D extends ChronoLocalDate>	A date-time without a time-zone in an arbitrary chronology, intended for advanced globalization use cases.
Chronology	A calendar system, used to organize and identify dates.
ChronoPeriod	A date-based amount of time, such as '3 years, 4 months and 5 days' in an arbitrary chronology, intended for advanced globalization use cases.
ChronoZonedDateTime<D extends ChronoLocalDate>	A date-time with a time-zone in an arbitrary chronology, intended for advanced globalization use cases.
Era	An era of the time-line.

Class Summary
Class	Description
AbstractChronology	An abstract implementation of a calendar system, used to organize and identify dates.
HijrahChronology	The Hijrah calendar is a lunar calendar supporting Islamic calendars.
HijrahDate	A date in the Hijrah calendar system.
IsoChronology	The ISO calendar system.
JapaneseChronology	The Japanese Imperial calendar system.
JapaneseDate	A date in the Japanese Imperial calendar system.
JapaneseEra	An era in the Japanese Imperial calendar system.
MinguoChronology	The Minguo calendar system.
MinguoDate	A date in the Minguo calendar system.
ThaiBuddhistChronology	The Thai Buddhist calendar system.
ThaiBuddhistDate	A date in the Thai Buddhist calendar system.

Enum Summary
Enum	Description
HijrahEra	An era in the Hijrah calendar system.
IsoEra	An era in the ISO calendar system.
MinguoEra	An era in the Minguo calendar system.
ThaiBuddhistEra	An era in the Thai Buddhist calendar system.

Package java.time.chrono

Example

Package specification