The jps Command

Name

jps - list the instrumented JVMs on the target system

Synopsis

Note: This command is experimental and unsupported.

jps [-q] [-mlvV] [hostid]

jps [-help]

Options

-q

Suppresses the output of the class name, JAR file name, and arguments passed to the main method, producing a list of only local JVM identifiers.

-mlvV

You can specify any combination of these options.

-m displays the arguments passed to the main method. The output may be null for embedded JVMs.
-l displays the full package name for the application's main class or the full path name to the application's JAR file.
-v displays the arguments passed to the JVM.
-V suppresses the output of the class name, JAR file name, and arguments passed to the main method, producing a list of only local JVM identifiers.

hostid

The identifier of the host for which the process report should be generated. The hostid can include optional components that indicate the communications protocol, port number, and other implementation specific data. See Host Identifier.

-help

Displays the help message for the jps command.

Description

The jps command lists the instrumented Java HotSpot VMs on the target system. The command is limited to reporting information on JVMs for which it has the access permissions.

Note:

JDK 10 added support for using the Attach API when attaching to Java processes running in a separate docker process. However, the jps tool cannot see JVM processes running in a separate docker instance. If you are trying to connect a Linux host with a Virtual Machine within a docker container, you must use tools such as ps to look up the PID of the JVM and then specify the PID on the command line of the tools that accept the PID.

If the jps command is run without specifying a hostid, then it searches for instrumented JVMs on the local host. If started with a hostid, then it searches for JVMs on the indicated host, using the specified protocol and port. A jstatd process is assumed to be running on the target host.

The jps command reports the local JVM identifier, or lvmid, for each instrumented JVM found on the target system. The lvmid is typically, but not necessarily, the operating system's process identifier for the JVM process. With no options, the jps command lists each Java application's lvmid followed by the short form of the application's class name or jar file name. The short form of the class name or JAR file name omits the class's package information or the JAR files path information.

The jps command uses the Java launcher to find the class name and arguments passed to the main method. If the target JVM is started with a custom launcher, then the class or JAR file name, and the arguments to the main method aren't available. In this case, the jps command outputs the string Unknown for the class name, or JAR file name, and for the arguments to the main method.

The list of JVMs produced by the jps command can be limited by the permissions granted to the principal running the command. The command lists only the JVMs for which the principal has access rights as determined by operating system-specific access control mechanisms.

Host Identifier

The host identifier, or hostid, is a string that indicates the target system. The syntax of the hostid string corresponds to the syntax of a URI:

[protocol:][[//]hostname][:port][/servername]

protocol: The communications protocol. If the protocol is omitted and a hostname isn't specified, then the default protocol is a platform-specific, optimized, local protocol. If the protocol is omitted and a host name is specified, then the default protocol is rmi.
hostname: A host name or IP address that indicates the target host. If you omit the hostname parameter, then the target host is the local host.
port: The default port for communicating with the remote server. If the hostname parameter is omitted or the protocol parameter specifies an optimized, local protocol, then the port parameter is ignored. Otherwise, treatment of the port parameter is implementation-specific. For the default rmi protocol, the port parameter indicates the port number for the rmiregistry on the remote host. If the port parameter is omitted, and the protocol parameter indicates rmi, then the default rmiregistry port (1099) is used.
servername: The treatment of this parameter depends on the implementation. For the optimized, local protocol, this field is ignored. For the rmi protocol, this parameter is a string that represents the name of the RMI remote object on the remote host. See the jstatd command -n option.

Output Format of the jps Command

The output of the jps command has the following pattern:

lvmid [ [ classname | JARfilename | "Unknown"] [ arg* ] [ jvmarg* ] ]

All output tokens are separated by white space. An arg value that includes embedded white space introduces ambiguity when attempting to map arguments to their actual positional parameters.

Note:

It's recommended that you don't write scripts to parse jps output because the format might change in future releases. If you write scripts that parse jps output, then expect to modify them for future releases of this tool.

Examples

This section provides examples of the jps command.

List the instrumented JVMs on the local host:

jps
18027 Java2Demo.JAR
18032 jps
18005 jstat

The following example lists the instrumented JVMs on a remote host. This example assumes that the jstat server and either the its internal RMI registry or a separate external rmiregistry process are running on the remote host on the default port (port 1099). It also assumes that the local host has appropriate permissions to access the remote host. This example includes the -l option to output the long form of the class names or JAR file names.

jps -l remote.domain
3002 /opt/jdk1.7.0/demo/jfc/Java2D/Java2Demo.JAR
2857 sun.tools.jstatd.jstatd

The following example lists the instrumented JVMs on a remote host with a nondefault port for the RMI registry. This example assumes that the jstatd server, with an internal RMI registry bound to port 2002, is running on the remote host. This example also uses the -m option to include the arguments passed to the main method of each of the listed Java applications.

jps -m remote.domain:2002
3002 /opt/jdk1.7.0/demo/jfc/Java2D/Java2Demo.JAR
3102 sun.tools.jstatd.jstatd -p 2002